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Isobutanol

2 Metilpropanol-1 (izobutilovyy alcohol, isobutanol) - alcohol with the formula (CH3) 2CHCH2OH, colorless, flammable liquid with a characteristic odor. Mainly used as a solvent.

Industrial getting metilpropanola 2-1 is reduced to the use of three methods:

hidroformilirovaniya propene (oksosyntez)

catalytic hydrogenation of carbon monoxide,

homolohizatsii reaction.

The first method is based on the reaction of propylene with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a cobalt catalyst at a temperature of 100-180 ° C and a pressure of 106 Pa · 20-30. In the quality of products produced at the same time butanal and 2 metilpropanal, the ratio of which in the circumstances is 3: 1. Modern processes in which the catalyst is used based on modified rhodium, have a greater selectivity, giving 92-95% butanal. At the same time nemodyfytsyrovannoho use of rhodium results in 50% 2-metilpropanalya content in the final product mixture. Further hydrogenation of 2-metilpropanalya gives izobutilovyy alcohol.

 

2 Metilpropanol-1 may also be obtained in the reaction of propylene with carbon monoxide and water. This process was developed by Reppe in 1942. During this reaction alcohol formed directly from alkene, however, as in the case of the first method, a mixture of two isomeric alcohols [3].

The company BASF has developed a method for yzobutylovoho alcohol, based on the catalytic hydrogenation of carbon monoxide and lead to the formation of a mixture containing 50% methanol and 11-14% 2 metilpropanola-1, and other products. BASF ceased to produce alcohol izobutilovyy this method after the development oksosinteza and petrochemical synthesis isobutanol way [3].

Physical Properties [ed | edit wiki text]

Isobutyl alcohol is a colorless flammable liquid with a characteristic odor. It is fully miscible with common organic solvents. Its solubility in water is 8.5% by weight. at 20 ° C, 7,5% by weight. at 30 ° C, while the concentration of saturated solution of water in isobutyl alcohol is 15% by weight. at 20 ° C and 17.3 wt%. at 30 ° C. isobutyl alcohol obrazuetazeotropnye mixture of water and toluene containing 67-70% and 44.5% yzobutylovoho alcohol and boiling at 89,8 ° C and 101,2 ° C respectively.

Isobutyl alcohol used in various areas and, due to its low cost, can serve as a substitute for 1-butanol. It is used as a solvent for nitrocellulose additives, component ink for printing.

Розроблений: WSBI